Sarnath, just outside Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, is where the Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment — the moment Buddhism became a living teaching tradition rather than one man's personal realization.
History
After his enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, Buddha travelled to the Deer Park at Sarnath and delivered his first sermon, the Dharmachakra Pravartana ("Turning the Wheel of Dharma"), to the five ascetics who had once been his companions — an event that founded the Sangha, the Buddhist monastic community. Emperor Ashoka later built stupas and a commemorative pillar here in the 3rd century BCE to mark the site's significance.
What to See
The Dhamek Stupa, a massive cylindrical structure roughly 43 metres high, marks the spot of the first sermon. The Chaukhandi Stupa marks where Buddha is believed to have met his five disciples. The ruins of Ashoka's pillar remain on site, though its famous lion capital — now India's national emblem — is preserved in the adjoining Sarnath Archaeological Museum. The modern Mulagandha Kuti Vihar temple, built in Japanese style, houses relics and murals depicting Buddha's life.
Entry Fees
The Dhamek Stupa and surrounding ASI-protected ruins charge a nominal entry ticket (with differential pricing for Indian and foreign visitors); the Archaeological Museum has a separate, similarly modest ticket.
Best Time to Visit
October to March for comfortable sightseeing weather; Buddha Purnima in May draws large numbers of pilgrims.
How to Reach
Sarnath is about 10 km from Varanasi, which has its own railway station (Varanasi Junction) and airport (Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport) — a short taxi or auto-rickshaw ride connects the two.
Get Directions to Sarnath on Google Maps
Continue the Buddhist Circuit
This site is one stop on the wider Buddhist Circuit across India — explore more:
